1.过滤器 (包含get与post方式)SetCharacterEncodingFilter.java

package com.qingfeng.filter;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.UnavailableException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper;

public class SetCharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {
     /**
     *
     * 对 HttpServletRequestWrapper 进行扩充, 不影响原来的功能并能提供所有的 HttpServletRequest
     * 接口中的功能. 它可以统一的对 Tomcat 默认设置下的中文问题进行解决而只需要用新的 Request 对象替换页面中的
     * request 对象即可.
     */
    protected String encoding = null;
    protected FilterConfig filterConfig = null;
    //protected boolean ignore = true;

    public void destroy() {
        this.encoding = null;
        this.filterConfig = null;
    }
    
    class Request extends HttpServletRequestWrapper {

        public Request(HttpServletRequest request) {
            super(request);
        }
        /**
         * 转换由表单读取的数据的内码.
         * 从 ISO 字符转到 utf-8(或gbk).
         */
        public String toChi(String input) {
            try {
                
              byte[] bytes = input.getBytes("ISO-8859-1");
              return new String(bytes, encoding);
            }
            catch (Exception ex) {
            }
            return null;
        }

        /**
         * Return the HttpServletRequest holded by this object.
         */
        private HttpServletRequest getHttpServletRequest()
        {
            return (HttpServletRequest)super.getRequest();
        }

        /**
         * 读取参数 -- 修正了中文问题.
         */
        public String getParameter(String name)
        {
            return toChi(getHttpServletRequest().getParameter(name));
        }

        /**
         * 读取参数列表 - 修正了中文问题.
         */
        public String[] getParameterValues(String name)
        {
              String values[] = getHttpServletRequest().getParameterValues(name);
              if (values != null) {
                for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
                  values[i] = toChi(values[i]);
                }
              }
              return values;
        }
    }
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
                         FilterChain chain)
        throws IOException, ServletException {


       // if (ignore || (request.getCharacterEncoding() == null)) {
       //     String encoding = selectEncoding(request);
            /*if (encoding != null)
                request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);*/
       // }
        HttpServletRequest httpreq = (HttpServletRequest)request;
        if(httpreq.getMethod().equals("POST")) {
            request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
        } else {
            request = new Request(httpreq);
        }

    // Pass control on to the next filter
        chain.doFilter(request, response);

    }


    /**
     * Place this filter into service.
     *
     * @param filterConfig The filter configuration object
     */
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

    this.filterConfig = filterConfig;
        this.encoding = filterConfig.getInitParameter("encoding");
 

    }

}

2.web.xml 中增加过滤器配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingfilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.filter.SetCharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingfilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/jsp/encoding/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

  <servlet>
    <description>changecode</description>
    <display-name>changecode</display-name>
    <servlet-name>CodeServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.filter.CodeServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>CodeServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/servlet/CodeServlet</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

3.测试页面
(1) test.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My JSP 'test.jsp' starting page</title>
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>
  <body>
   <form action="action.jsp">
   GET 方式: <input type=text name="name" value="GET 中文">
   <input type=submit>
   </form>
   <form action="action.jsp" method="POST">
   POST 方式: <input type=text name="name" value="POST 中文">
   <input type=submit>
   </form>
  
   <form action="/Test_2/servlet/CodeServlet">
   GET 方式: <input type=text name="name" value="GET 中文">
   <input type=submit>
   </form>
   <form action="/Test_2/servlet/CodeServlet" method="POST">
   POST 方式: <input type=text name="name" value="POST 中文">
   <input type=submit>
   </form>
  </body>
</html>

(2)action.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My JSP 'action.jsp' starting page</title>
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>
   参数: <%=request.getParameter("name") %> <br>
  </body>
</html>

(3)CodeServlet.java

package com.filter.codetest;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class CodeServlet extends HttpServlet {

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        String name = request.getParameter("name");
        System.out.println("get方式:"+name);
    }

    /**
     * The doPost method of the servlet. <br>
     *
     * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post.
     *
     * @param request the request send by the client to the server
     * @param response the response send by the server to the client
     * @throws ServletException if an error occurred
     * @throws IOException if an error occurred
     */
    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        String name = request.getParameter("name");
        System.out.println("post方式:"+name);
       
    }

}

• 搜狐网站诚聘Java、PHP和C++工程师
• 北京: 千橡集团暨校内网诚聘软件研发工程师

这里的方案是页面(page)是基于GBK(gb2312) 的编码格式

AJAX的中文情况,默认情况下,tomcat和weblogic的get和post请求的编码方案都不一样,不过前提都是要设置 request.setCharactorEncoding("UTF-8")如下面代码中,get方案是很烦琐的那种将得到的参数重新编码来实现 的|new String(request.getParameter("para name").getBytes("encoding name"))|而post方案是比较简单而方便的,也提倡使用这种方式,因为可以基于filter来管理编码
tomcat可以通过设置在server.xml里的Connector元素下设置URIencoding="gbk"参数来让get使用 post的方案(即get和post都使用request.setCharactorEncoding("UTF- 8"),request.getParameter("para name") )具体设置参考http://www.javaeye.com/topic/131542,不过在weblogic下无解(我个人还没发现如何实 现),weblogic好像在解析get参数后自己又用什么编码格式包装过......其实AJAX get根本没有普通请求get请求作为标签的作用,我们完全可以不使用get,而只使用post

测试用的jsp和servlet在下面,丢到一个项目里,在web.xml里配置servlet后运行可以看到效果,servlet的url- pattern是这个<url-pattern>/GetAndPostExample</url-pattern>

getAndPostExample.jsp

Java代码

1. <%@ page language= "java"   import = "java.util.Date"   contentType= "text/html; charset=gbk" %>  
2. <html>  
3.     <head>  
4.         <title>发送带参数的信息到服务器，以及get,post的区别</title>  
5.         <script type="text/javascript" >  
6.             var xmlHttp;              
7.             function show()  
8.                 {  
9.                 document.getElementById("show" ).value=document.getElementById( "firstName" ).value;  
10.                 }  
11.             function createXMLHttpRequest()  
12.                 {  
13.                 if  (window.ActiveXObject)  
14.                     xmlHttp = new  ActiveXObject( "Microsoft.XMLHTTP" );  
15.                 else   if  (window.XMLHttpRequest)  
16.                     xmlHttp = new  XMLhttpRequest();  
17.                 }  
18.               
19.             function createQueryString()  
20.                 {  
21.                 var firstName = document.getElementById("firstName" ).value;  
22.                 var secondName = document.getElementById("secondName" ).value;  
23.                 var birthday = document.getElementById("birthday" ).value;  
24.                   
25.                 var queryString = "firstName=" +firstName+ "&secondName=" +secondName  
26.                                                 +"&birthday=" +birthday;  
27.                 return  queryString;  
28.                 }  
29.               
30.             function doRequestUsingGET()  
31.                 {  
32.                 createXMLHttpRequest();  
33.                 show();  
34.                 var queryString = "GetAndPostExample?" ;  
35.                 queryString = queryString + createQueryString()  
36.                                         + "&timeStamep="  +  new  Date().getTime();  
37.                 xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = handleStateChange;  
38.                 xmlHttp.open("GET" ,queryString, true );  
39.                                     xmlHttp.setRequestHeader("RequestType" , "ajax" );  
40.                 xmlHttp.send(null );  
41.                 //alert(queryString);   
42.                 }  
43.                   
44.             function doRequestUsingPOST()  
45.                 {  
46.                 createXMLHttpRequest();  
47.                 show();       
48.                 var url = "GetAndPostExample"   
49.                 var queryString = createQueryString()+ "&timeStamp=" +  new  Date().getTime();           
50.                 xmlHttp.open("POST" ,url, true );  
51.                 xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = handleStateChange;  
52.                 xmlHttp.setRequestHeader("Content-Type" , "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;" );  
53.                                      //设置报头,说明此请求是ajax请求   
54.                                      xmlHttp.setRequestHeader("RequestType" , "ajax" );  
55.                 xmlHttp.send(queryString);  
56.                 }  
57.                   
58.             function handleStateChange()  
59.                 {  
60.                 if  (xmlHttp.readyState ==  4 )  
61.                     {  
62.                     if  (xmlHttp.status ==  200 )  
63.                         parseResults();  
64.                     }  
65.                 }  
66.               
67.             function parseResults()  
68.                 {  
69.                 var responseDiv = document.getElementById("serverResponse" );  
70.                 if  (responseDiv.hasChildNodes())  
71.                     {  
72.                     responseDiv.removeChild(responseDiv.childNodes[0 ]);  
73.                     }  
74.                 var responseText = document.createTextNode(xmlHttp.responseText);  
75.                 responseDiv.appendChild(responseText);  
76.                 }  
77.               
78.         </script>  
79.     </head>  
80.     <body>  
81.         <h1>输入你的姓，名，生日日期</h1>  
82.         <br>  
83.           
84.             <table>  
85.                 <tr>  
86.                     <td>  
87.                         姓：  
88.                     </td>  
89.                     <td>  
90.                         <input type="text"  name= "firstName"  id= "firstName"  value= "羽飞" >  
91.                     </td>  
92.                 </tr>  
93.                     <td>  
94.                         名：  
95.                     </td>  
96.                     <td>  
97.                         <input type="text"  name= "secondName"  id= "secondName"  value= "翼" >  
98.                     </td>  
99.                 <tr>  
100.                 </tr>  
101.                 <tr>  
102.                     <td>  
103.                         生日：  
104.                     </td>  
105.                     <td>  
106.                         <input type="text"  name= "birthday"  id= "birthday"  value= "五月" >  
107.                     </td>  
108.                     <td>  
109.                         <input type="text"  name= "show"  id= "show" >  
110.                     </td>  
111.                 </tr>  
112.             </table>  
113.         <form action="#" >  
114.             <input type="button"  value= "使用GET提交"  onclick= "doRequestUsingGET();" >  
115.             <br>  
116.             <input type="button"  value= "使用POST提交"  onclick= "doRequestUsingPOST();" >  
117.         </form>  
118.         <br>  
119.         <br>        
120.         <h2>服务器返回信息：</h2>         
121.         <div id="serverResponse" >  
122.         </div>  
123.     </body>  
124. </html>  

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.Date"  contentType="text/html; charset=gbk"%>
<html>
	<head>
		<title>发送带参数的信息到服务器，以及get,post的区别</title>
		<script type="text/javascript">
			var xmlHttp;			
			function show()
				{
				document.getElementById("show").value=document.getElementById("firstName").value;
				}
			function createXMLHttpRequest()
				{
				if (window.ActiveXObject)
					xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
				else if (window.XMLHttpRequest)
					xmlHttp = new XMLhttpRequest();
				}
			
			function createQueryString()
				{
				var firstName = document.getElementById("firstName").value;
				var secondName = document.getElementById("secondName").value;
				var birthday = document.getElementById("birthday").value;
				
				var queryString = "firstName="+firstName+"&secondName="+secondName
												+"&birthday="+birthday;
				return queryString;
				}
			
			function doRequestUsingGET()
				{
				createXMLHttpRequest();
				show();
				var queryString = "GetAndPostExample?";
				queryString = queryString + createQueryString()
										+ "&timeStamep=" + new Date().getTime();
				xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = handleStateChange;
				xmlHttp.open("GET",queryString,true);
                                    xmlHttp.setRequestHeader("RequestType","ajax");
				xmlHttp.send(null);
				//alert(queryString);
				}
				
			function doRequestUsingPOST()
				{
				createXMLHttpRequest();
				show();		
				var url = "GetAndPostExample"
				var queryString = createQueryString()+ "&timeStamp="+ new Date().getTime();			
				xmlHttp.open("POST",url,true);
				xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = handleStateChange;
				xmlHttp.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded;");
                                     //设置报头,说明此请求是ajax请求
                                     xmlHttp.setRequestHeader("RequestType","ajax");
				xmlHttp.send(queryString);
				}
				
			function handleStateChange()
				{
				if (xmlHttp.readyState == 4)
					{
					if (xmlHttp.status == 200)
						parseResults();
					}
				}
			
			function parseResults()
				{
				var responseDiv = document.getElementById("serverResponse");
				if (responseDiv.hasChildNodes())
					{
					responseDiv.removeChild(responseDiv.childNodes[0]);
					}
				var responseText = document.createTextNode(xmlHttp.responseText);
				responseDiv.appendChild(responseText);
				}
			
		</script>
	</head>
	<body>
		<h1>输入你的姓，名，生日日期</h1>
		<br>
		
			<table>
				<tr>
					<td>
						姓：
					</td>
					<td>
						<input type="text" name="firstName" id="firstName" value="羽飞">
					</td>
				</tr>
					<td>
						名：
					</td>
					<td>
						<input type="text" name="secondName" id="secondName" value="翼">
					</td>
				<tr>
				</tr>
				<tr>
					<td>
						生日：
					</td>
					<td>
						<input type="text" name="birthday" id="birthday" value="五月">
					</td>
					<td>
						<input type="text" name="show" id="show">
					</td>
				</tr>
			</table>
		<form action="#">
			<input type="button" value="使用GET提交" onclick="doRequestUsingGET();">
			<br>
			<input type="button" value="使用POST提交" onclick="doRequestUsingPOST();">
		</form>
		<br>
		<br>		
		<h2>服务器返回信息：</h2>		
		<div id="serverResponse">
		</div>
	</body>
</html>

GetAndPostExample.java

Java代码

1. package  yufei;  
2.   
3. import  java.io.*;  
4. import  java.net.*;  
5. import  javax.servlet.*;  
6. import  javax.servlet.http.*;  
7.   
8. public   class  GetAndPostExample  extends  HttpServlet  
9.     {  
10.         protected   void  processRequest(HttpServletRequest request,  
11.                 HttpServletResponse response, String method1)  
12.                 throws  ServletException,IOException  
13.                 {  
14.                 //设置文本类型(content type)   
15.                 response.setContentType("text/xml" );  
16.                                      //设置文本类型的编码格式   
17.                 response.setCharacterEncoding("GBK" );  
18.                 response.setHeader("Cache-Control" , "no-cache" );  
19.                   
20.                 String firstName =null ;  
21.                 String secondName = null ;  
22.                 String birthday = null ;  
23.                                     //无论是get还是post,都要使用下面这句   
24.                                     request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8" );  
25.                 if  (method1.equals( "GET" ))  
26.                 {                  
27.                  firstName = new  String(request.getParameter( "firstName" ).getBytes( "ISO8859-1" ));  
28.                  secondName = new  String(request.getParameter( "secondName" ).getBytes( "ISO8859-1" ));  
29.                  birthday = new  String(request.getParameter( "birthday" ).getBytes( "ISO8859-1" ));  
30.                 }  
31.                 else   if  (method1.equals( "POST" ))  
32.                 {                            firstName = request.getParameter("firstName" );  
33.                  secondName = request.getParameter("secondName" );  
34.                  birthday = request.getParameter("birthday" );  
35.                 }     
36.                 String responseText = "Hello "  + firstName +  " "  + secondName  
37.                                 + " 你的生日是 "  + birthday +  " "  +  "(method: "  + method1 +  ")" ;               
38.                 PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();  
39.                 out.println(responseText);  
40.                   
41.                 out.close();  
42.                 }  
43.         protected   void  doGet(HttpServletRequest request,  
44.                 HttpServletResponse response)  
45.                 throws  ServletException,IOException  
46.                 {  
47.                 processRequest(request,response,"GET" );  
48.                 }  
49.         protected   void  doPost(HttpServletRequest request,  
50.                 HttpServletResponse response)  
51.                 throws  ServletException,IOException  
52.                 {  
53.                 processRequest(request,response,"POST" );  
54.                 }  
55.     }  

package yufei;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;

public class GetAndPostExample extends HttpServlet
	{
		protected void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
				HttpServletResponse response, String method1)
				throws ServletException,IOException
				{
				//设置文本类型(content type)
				response.setContentType("text/xml");
                                     //设置文本类型的编码格式
				response.setCharacterEncoding("GBK");
				response.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");
				
				String firstName =null;
				String secondName = null;
				String birthday = null;
                                    //无论是get还是post,都要使用下面这句
                                    request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
				if (method1.equals("GET"))
				{			     
				 firstName = new String(request.getParameter("firstName").getBytes("ISO8859-1"));
				 secondName = new String(request.getParameter("secondName").getBytes("ISO8859-1"));
				 birthday = new String(request.getParameter("birthday").getBytes("ISO8859-1"));
				}
				else if (method1.equals("POST"))
				{				 			 firstName = request.getParameter("firstName");
				 secondName = request.getParameter("secondName");
				 birthday = request.getParameter("birthday");
				}	
				String responseText = "Hello " + firstName + " " + secondName
								+ " 你的生日是 " + birthday + " " + "(method: " + method1 + ")";				
				PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
				out.println(responseText);
				
				out.close();
				}
		protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
				HttpServletResponse response)
				throws ServletException,IOException
				{
				processRequest(request,response,"GET");
				}
		protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
				HttpServletResponse response)
				throws ServletException,IOException
				{
				processRequest(request,response,"POST");
				}
	}

-
-

当我们的ajax请求只使用post(tomcat下可以实现get和post同样方案)请求时,我们可以使用过滤器来实现其编码设置,就可以把 servlet中的request.setCharactorEncoding提出来,去掉servlet里的 request.setCharactorEncoding("encoding name"),加入下面的过滤器
根据fins大大的指导,将过滤器重写为可以区分普通请求和ajax请求的样式了(ajax请求中设置了header)

SetCharacterEncodingFilter.java

Java代码

1. package  yufei;  
2.   
3. import  java.io.IOException;  
4. import  javax.servlet.FilterChain;  
5. import  javax.servlet.FilterConfig;  
6. import  javax.servlet.ServletException;  
7. import  javax.servlet.ServletRequest;  
8. import  javax.servlet.ServletResponse;  
9. import  javax.servlet.Filter;  
10. import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;  
11.   
12. public   class  CharactorEncodingFilter  implements  Filter  
13.     {  
14.     public  CharactorEncodingFilter()  
15.         {  
16.         super ();  
17.         }  
18.     private  FilterConfig filterConfig;  
19.     private  String ajaxEncoding =  "UTF-8" ;  
20.     private  String commonEncoding;  
21.     protected   boolean  ignore =  true ;  
22.     public   void  init(FilterConfig filterConfig)  throws  ServletException  
23.         {  
24.         this .filterConfig = filterConfig;  
25.         commonEncoding = filterConfig.getInitParameter("CommonRequestEncoding" );  
26.         String value = filterConfig.getInitParameter("ignore" );  
27.         if  (value ==  null )  
28.             this .ignore =  true ;  
29.         else   if  (value.equalsIgnoreCase( "true" ))  
30.             this .ignore =  true ;  
31.         else   if  (value.equalsIgnoreCase( "yes" ))  
32.             this .ignore =  true ;  
33.         else   
34.             this .ignore =  false ;  
35.         }  
36.   
37.     public   void  doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res,  
38.         FilterChain filterChain)  
39.   
40.         {  
41.         try   
42.             {  
43.             HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req;  
44.             if  (ignore || (request.getCharacterEncoding() ==  null ))  
45.                 {  
46.                 if  (request.getHeader( "RequestType" ) !=  null   
47.                     && request.getHeader("RequestType" )  
48.                         .equalsIgnoreCase("ajax" ))  
49.                     {  
50.                     request.setCharacterEncoding(ajaxEncoding);  
51.                     }  
52.                 else   if  (commonEncoding !=  null )  
53.                     {  
54.                     request.setCharacterEncoding(commonEncoding);  
55.                     }  
56.                 else   
57.                     {  
58.                     request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8" );  
59.                     }  
60.                 }  
61.             filterChain.doFilter(req, res);  
62.             }  
63.         catch  (IOException e)  
64.             {  
65.             e.printStackTrace();  
66.             }  
67.         catch  (ServletException e)  
68.             {  
69.             e.printStackTrace();  
70.             }  
71.         }  
72.     public   void  destroy()  
73.         {  
74.         this .commonEncoding =  null ;  
75.         this .filterConfig =  null ;  
76.         }  
77.     }  

package yufei;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

public class CharactorEncodingFilter implements Filter
	{
	public CharactorEncodingFilter()
		{
		super();
		}
	private FilterConfig filterConfig;
	private String ajaxEncoding = "UTF-8";
	private String commonEncoding;
	protected boolean ignore = true;
	public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException
		{
		this.filterConfig = filterConfig;
		commonEncoding = filterConfig.getInitParameter("CommonRequestEncoding");
		String value = filterConfig.getInitParameter("ignore");
		if (value == null)
			this.ignore = true;
		else if (value.equalsIgnoreCase("true"))
			this.ignore = true;
		else if (value.equalsIgnoreCase("yes"))
			this.ignore = true;
		else
			this.ignore = false;
		}

	public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res,
		FilterChain filterChain)

		{
		try
			{
			HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
			if (ignore || (request.getCharacterEncoding() == null))
				{
				if (request.getHeader("RequestType") != null
					&& request.getHeader("RequestType")
						.equalsIgnoreCase("ajax"))
					{
					request.setCharacterEncoding(ajaxEncoding);
					}
				else if (commonEncoding != null)
					{
					request.setCharacterEncoding(commonEncoding);
					}
				else
					{
					request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
					}
				}
			filterChain.doFilter(req, res);
			}
		catch (IOException e)
			{
			e.printStackTrace();
			}
		catch (ServletException e)
			{
			e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	public void destroy()
		{
		this.commonEncoding = null;
		this.filterConfig = null;
		}
	}

web.xml加入如下过滤器配置

Java代码

1. <filter>  
2.     <filter-name>CharactorEncoding</filter-name>  
3.     <filter-class >org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter- class >  
4.                  <!-- 设置编码格式到initparameter里去 -->  
5.     <init-param>  
6.         <param-name>CommonRequestEncoding</param-name>  
7.         <param-value>GBK</param-value>  
8.     </init-param>       
9. </filter>  
10. <filter-mapping>  
11.     <filter-name>CharactorEncoding</filter-name>  
12.     <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
13. </filter-mapping> 
    

• 北京: 千橡集团暨校内网诚聘软件研发工程师
• 搜狐网站诚聘Java、PHP和C++工程师

常 见的 Tomcat 5 表单编码提交后乱码的解决方案有很多, 有改 Tomcat Connector 属性的, 有加过滤器的. 但是 Tomcat 自带的那个过滤器只解决了 POST 方式的乱码却不能处理 GET 方式的乱码.  在这里那我就给出一个不需要修改任何 Tomcat 配置文件的完美解决中文问题的过滤器的代码:

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java"
 import="java.util.*"
 pageEncoding="GBK"
%>


<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
>
<html>
  <head>
   
    <title>表单测试页面</title>

  </head>
  
  <body>
   <form action="action.jsp"
>
   GET 方式: <input type=text name="name"
 value
="GET 中文"
>
   <input type=submit>
   </form>
   
      <form action="action.jsp"
 method="POST"
>
   POST 方式: <input type=text name="name"
 value
="POST 中文"
>
   <input type=submit>
   </form>
  </body>
</html>

和普通的表单没有任何区别.

然后就是表单提交页面 action.jsp:

<%@ page language="java"
 pageEncoding="GBK"
%>
<html>
  <body>
   参数: <%=request.getParameter("name"
) %> <br>
  </body>
</html>

接着是过滤器的配置文件 web.xml (用 2.5 版本也可以):

<?
xml
 version
="1.0"
 encoding
="UTF-8"
?>

<
web-app
 version
="2.4"
 
    xmlns
="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
 
    xmlns:xsi
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 
    xsi:schemaLocation
="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
>

    <
filter
>

    <
filter-name
>
TomcatFormFilter</
filter-name
>

    <
filter-class
>
filters.TomcatFormFilter</
filter-class
>

    </
filter
>

    
    <
filter-mapping
>

    <
filter-name
>
TomcatFormFilter</
filter-name
>

    <
url-pattern
>
*.jsp</
url-pattern
>

    </
filter-mapping
>

    
  <
welcome-file-list
>

    <
welcome-file
>
index.jsp</
welcome-file
>

  </
welcome-file-list
>

</
web-app
>

最后最关键的就是我们的过滤器代码了, 对 GET 方式使用请求包装器, 而 POST 方式则用 setCharacterEncoding():

package filters;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public
 class
 TomcatFormFilter implements Filter {
    /**

      * Request.java

      * 对 HttpServletRequestWrapper 进行扩充, 不影响原来的功能并能提供所有的 HttpServletRequest

      * 接口中的功能. 它可以统一的对 Tomcat 默认设置下的中文问题进行解决而只需要用新的 Request 对象替换页面中的

      * request 对象即可.

      */


    class
 Request extends HttpServletRequestWrapper
    {

        public
 Request(HttpServletRequest request) {
            super(request);
        }

        /**

         * 转换由表单读取的数据的内码.

         * 从 ISO 字符转到 GBK.

         */

        public
 String toChi(String input) {
            try
 {
              byte
[] bytes = input.getBytes("ISO8859-1"
);
              return
 new
 String(bytes, "GBK"
);
            }
            catch
 (Exception ex) {
            }
            return
 null
;
        }

        /**

         * Return the HttpServletRequest holded by this object.

         */

        private
 HttpServletRequest getHttpServletRequest()
        {
            return
 (HttpServletRequest)super.getRequest();
        }

        /**

         * 读取参数 -- 修正了中文问题.

         */

        public
 String getParameter(String name)
        {
            return
 toChi(getHttpServletRequest().getParameter(name));
        }

        /**

         * 读取参数列表 - 修正了中文问题.

         */

        public
 String[] getParameterValues(String name)
        {
              String values[] = getHttpServletRequest().getParameterValues(name);
              if
 (values != null
) {
                for
 (int
 i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
                  values[i] = toChi(values[i]);
                }
              }
              return
 values;
        }
    }
    public
 void
 destroy() {
        
    }

    public
 void
 doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
            FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        HttpServletRequest httpreq = (HttpServletRequest)request;
        if
(httpreq.getMethod().equals("POST"
)) {
            request.setCharacterEncoding("GBK"
);
        } else
 {
            request = new
 Request(httpreq);
        }

        chain.doFilter(request, response);
    }

    public
 void
 init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
    }

}

怎么样, 是不是很简单也很方便呢?

• 北京: 千橡集团暨校内网诚聘软件研发工程师
• 搜狐网站诚聘Java、PHP和C++工程师

<!-- 

= * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = *    
*    作 者：  我本有心   
=    QQ:     381584252   
*     E-Mail: hztgcl1986@163.com  
=     转载请注明出处及作者！   
*     版权所有,侵权必究！！！   
=   
*    http://www.8848so.com，人物搜索，8848So       
= * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = *    
-->  
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>  
<menu>  
<rootLevel id='2'>  
<selfName>美国</selfName>  
</rootLevel>  
<rootLevel id='1'>  
<selfName>中国</selfName>  
<level id='4'>  
<selfName>河南</selfName>  
<parentID>1</parentID>  
</level>  
<level id='3'>  
<selfName>山东</selfName>  
<parentID>1</parentID>  
<level id='6'>  
<selfName>菏泽</selfName>  
<parentID>3</parentID>  
<level id='8'>  
<selfName>曹县</selfName>  
<parentID>6</parentID>  
</level>  
<level id='7'>  
<selfName>东明</selfName>  
<parentID>6</parentID>  
</level>  
</level>  
<level id='5'>  
<selfName>济南</selfName>  
<parentID>3</parentID>  
</level>  
</level>  
</rootLevel>  
</menu>  

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">  
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">  
<head>  
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />  
<title>JavaScript + XML树型菜单</title>  
<style type="text/css">  
li.plus   
{   
    list-style-type:none;   
    list-style-image:url(Images/Plus.png); /*展开时图片,如"+"*/   
    cursor:hand;   
}   
  
li.minus   
{   
    list-style-type:none;   
    list-style-image:url(Images/Minus.png); /*折叠时图片,如"-"*/   
    cursor:hand;   
}   
  
li.item   
{   
    list-style-type:none;   
    list-style-image:url(Images/Item.png); /*无子项目时图片*/   
    cursor:hand;   
}   
</style>  
</head>  
  
<body>  
<ul id="tree">  
    <li>树</li>  
</ul>  
<!--  
= * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = *    
*    作 者：  我本有心   
=    QQ:     381584252   
*     E-Mail: hztgcl1986@163.com  
=     转载请注明出处及作者！   
*     版权所有,侵权必究！！！   
=   
*    http://www.8848so.com，人物搜索，8848So       
= * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = * = = *    
-->  
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">  
treeMenu("tree"); //树   
  
function createXMLDom() //创建XMLDOM对象函数，跨浏览器解决方案   
{   
    var xmlDom;   
       
    if (window.ActiveXObject) //IE   
    {   
        xmlDom = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLDOM");   
        xmlDom.async = false;   
        xmlDom.load("/XML/InfoClass.xml");   
        if (xmlDom.parseError.errorCode != 0)   
        {   
            window.alert("XML文件加载错误. errorCode：" + xmlDom.parseError.errorCode + " reason：" + xmlDom.parseError.reason);   
            return false;   
        }   
        else   
        {return xmlDom;}   
    }   
    else if (document.implementation && document.implementation.createDocument) //FireFox   
    {   
        xmlDom = document.implementation.createDocument("","",null);   
        xmlDom.async = false;   
        xmlDom.load("/XML/InfoClass.xml");   
        return xmlDom;   
    }   
    else   
    {   
        window.alert("不支持XMLDOM对象");   
        return false;   
    }   
}   
  
function treeMenu(ulID)   
{   
    var xmlDom = createXMLDom(); //创建XMLDOM对象   
    var menu = xmlDom.documentElement; //xml文档根节点   
    var rootLevels = menu.getElementsByTagName("rootLevel"); //一级分类集合   
           
    var ul = document.getElementById(ulID);   
    for (var i=0;i<rootLevels.length;i++) //循环显示一级分类   
    {   
        var selfID = rootLevels[i].getAttribute("id");   
        var selfName = rootLevels[i].getElementsByTagName("selfName")[0].firstChild.nodeValue;   
        var li = document.createElement("li");   
        li.innerHTML = selfName;   
        li.id = selfID;   
               
        var levels = rootLevels[i].getElementsByTagName("level"); //集合   
        if (levels.length > 0) //有子类   
        {   
            li.className = "plus";   
            li.onclick = function () {liClick(this,this.id,xmlDom);} //单击事件   
        }   
        else //无子类   
        {   
            li.className = "item";   
        }   
        ul.appendChild(li);   
    }   
}   
  
function liClick(li,id,xmlDom,event)   
{   
    var childUL = li.getElementsByTagName("ul"); //ul集合   
       
    if (childUL.length > 0)//折叠   
    {closeChild(li,childUL);}   
    else //展开   
    {openChild(li,id,xmlDom);}   
       
    cancelBuble(event); //plus停止事件冒泡   
}   
  
function openChild(li,id,xmlDom) //展开函数   
{   
    li.className = "minus"; //折叠图标   
       
    var levels = xmlDom.documentElement.getElementsByTagName("level"); //level集合   
    var ul = document.createElement("ul");   
    for (var m=0;m<levels.length;m++)   
    {   
        var selfID = levels[m].getAttribute("id");   
        var selfName = levels[m].getElementsByTagName("selfName")[0].firstChild.nodeValue;   
        var parentID = levels[m].getElementsByTagName("parentID")[0].firstChild.nodeValue;   
           
        if (id == parentID) //属于id子类   
        {   
            var ulli = document.createElement("li");   
            ulli.innerHTML = selfName;   
            ulli.id = selfID;   
               
            var childLevels = levels[m].getElementsByTagName("level"); //集合   
            if (childLevels.length > 0) //有子类   
            {   
                ulli.className = "plus";   
                   
                /*停止事件冒泡，跨浏览器解决方案 Start*/   
                if (window.ActiveXObject) //IE   
                {ulli.onclick = function () {liClick(this,this.id,xmlDom,event);}} //单击事件   
                else //FireFox   
                {ulli.onclick = function (event) {liClick(this,this.id,xmlDom,event);}} //单击   
                /*停止事件冒泡，跨浏览器解决方案 End*/   
            }   
            else //无子类   
            {   
                ulli.className = "item";   
                   
                /*停止事件冒泡，跨浏览器解决方案 Start*/   
                if (window.ActiveXObject) //IE   
                {ulli.onclick = function () {cancelBuble(event);}} //item停止事件冒泡   
                else //FireFox   
                {ulli.onclick = function (event) {cancelBuble(event);}} //item停止事件冒泡   
                /*停止事件冒泡，跨浏览器解决方案 End*/   
            }   
               
            ul.appendChild(ulli);   
        }   
           
    }   
       
    li.appendChild(ul);   
}   
  
function closeChild(li,childUL) //折叠函数   
{   
    li.className = "plus"; //展开图标   
       
    for (var j=0;j<childUL.length;j++) //循环删除ul,ul可能有子ul、li孙ul、li   
    {childUL[j].parentNode.removeChild(childUL[j]);}   
}   
  
function cancelBuble(domEvent) //停止事件冒泡函数,跨浏览器解决方案   
{   
    if (window.ActiveXObject) //IE   
    {domEvent.cancelBubble = true;}   
    else //FireFox   
    {domEvent.stopPropagation();}   
}   
</script>  
</body>  
</html> 

• 搜狐网站诚聘Java、PHP和C++工程师
• 北京: 千橡集团暨校内网诚聘软件研发工程师

调用构造器的具体处理步骤:
1.所有数据域被初始化为默认值(0,false或null).
2.按照在类声明的次序依次执行所有域初始化语句(private int a=1;)和初始化块(static{......}).
3.如果构造器第一行调用了第二个构造器,则执行第二个构造器主体.
4.执行这个构造器的主体.


注意点:   1.  将初始化块放置在域定义之后.
             2.  首先运行初始化块,然后才运行构造器的主体部分.

• 搜狐网站诚聘Java、PHP和C++工程师
• 北京: 千橡集团暨校内网诚聘软件研发工程师

• 搜狐网站诚聘Java、PHP和C++工程师
• 北京: 千橡集团暨校内网诚聘软件研发工程师

SQL> select to_number('3434,3333.000') from dual;
ERROR:
ORA-01722: invalid number
no rows selected

SQL> select 'abc' - 124 from dual;
ERROR:
ORA-01722: invalid number
no rows selected

SQL> select '01-JUN-01' - 'abc' from dual;
ERROR:
ORA-01722: invalid number
no rows selected

        SELECT ...  WHERE UPPER(col) != LOWER(col)

• 搜狐网站诚聘Java、PHP和C++工程师
• 北京: 千橡集团暨校内网诚聘软件研发工程师

• 搜狐网站诚聘Java、PHP和C++工程师
• 北京: 千橡集团暨校内网诚聘软件研发工程师

• 北京: 千橡集团暨校内网诚聘软件研发工程师
• 搜狐网站诚聘Java、PHP和C++工程师

版权声明：原创作品，允许转载，转载时请务必以超链接形式标明文章 原始出处 、作者信息和本声明。否则将追究法律责任。http://guojie.blog.51cto.com/59049/28702

在Eclipse中，有一个功能：Toggle Mark Occurrences ，非常好用。会把相同内容文字的北京色设置为一样。该功能在工具栏：Show Source of Selected Element Only按钮的左边。           但是，在Eclipse3.2，将默认的颜色改成了灰色。就我个人而言，看上去很不舒服。      找了半天，终于找到了配置的地方。      Window->Preferences->General->Editors->Text Editors->Annotations  Occurrences 本文出自 “程序人生” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://guojie.blog.51cto.com/59049/28702

• 北京: 千橡集团暨校内网诚聘软件研发工程师
• 搜狐网站诚聘Java、PHP和C++工程师

/**
 * Course Entity
 * see table: tbl_course
 */
package com.leo.domain;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * @author superleo
 * 
 */
public class Course {

	private String id;

	private String name;

	private Set teachers = new HashSet();

	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Set getTeachers() {
		return teachers;
	}

	public void setTeachers(Set teachers) {
		this.teachers = teachers;
	}

}

/**
 * Teacher Entity
 * see table: tbl_teacher
 */
package com.leo.domain;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * @author superleo
 * 
 */
public class Teacher {

	private String id;

	private String name;

	private Set courses = new HashSet();

	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Set getCourses() {
		return courses;
	}

	public void setCourses(Set courses) {
		this.courses = courses;
	}

}

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
 <hibernate-mapping>  
    <class name="com.leo.domain.Course" table="tbl_course"  
         batch-size="100" dynamic-insert="true" dynamic-update="true">  
         <id name="id" column="id">  
             <generator class="uuid" />  
         </id>  
         <property name="name" column="name" type="string" />  
   
         <set access="property" lazy="true" inverse="false"  
             cascade="save-update" name="teachers" batch-size="10" fetch="select"  
             table="tbl_teacher_course">  
             <key column="fk_course_id" />  
             <many-to-many class="com.leo.domain.Teacher"  
                 column="fk_teacher_id" />  
         </set>  
   
     </class>  
 </hibernate-mapping>  

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

 <hibernate-mapping>  
     <class name="com.leo.domain.Teacher" table="tbl_teacher"  
         batch-size="100" dynamic-insert="true" dynamic-update="true">  
         <id name="id" column="id">  
             <generator class="uuid" />  
         </id>  
         <property name="name" column="name" type="string" />  
   
         <set access="property" lazy="true" inverse="true"  
             cascade="save-update" name="courses" batch-size="10" fetch="select"  
             table="tbl_teacher_course">  
             <key column="fk_teacher_id" />  
             <many-to-many class="com.leo.domain.Course"  
                 column="fk_course_id" />  
         </set>  
   
     </class>  
</hibernate-mapping>  	

public void testSave() {
		Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
		session.beginTransaction();

		// create course
		Course c1 = new Course();
		Course c2 = new Course();
		c1.setName("C");
		c2.setName("Java");

		// create teacher
		Teacher t1 = new Teacher();
		Teacher t2 = new Teacher();
		t1.setName("Leo");
		t2.setName("Rose");

		// create relationship
		c1.getTeachers().add(t1);
		c1.getTeachers().add(t2);
		t1.getCourses().add(c1);
		t2.getCourses().add(c1);

		/* 因为主控方级联设置为save-update,如果设置为none,则下面被注释的代码需要开启，否则会报错 */
		//session.save(t1); 
		//session.save(t2);
		session.save(c1);

		session.getTransaction().commit();
		session.close();
	}

如果删除的是主控方，只需要简单的删除这条记录，级联关系以及主控方的记录同时删除，但被控方的记录仍然存在。因此只对主控方的多对多删除是最简单，直接的。代码如下：

/**
	 * 多对多 主控方删除(可以删除中间表记录)
	 */
	public void testDelete() {
		String id = "402881ee175f04be01175f04c05d0001";
		Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
		session.beginTransaction();
		Course c1 = (Course) session.get(Course.class, id);
		session.delete(c1);
		session.getTransaction().commit();
		session.close();
	}

如果你这个时候想直接删除被控方，那么很遗憾的告诉你，你只做到了一半，你只是简单的把被控方的记录删除了，关联关系仍然存在中间表里，系统随时会因为你的关联访问报错，代码如下：

	/**
	 * 多对多 被控方删除(无法删除中间表记录)
	 */
	public void testDeleteByInverse() {
		String id = "402881ee175a2e7c01175a2e7ead0003";
		Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
		session.beginTransaction();
		Teacher t1 = (Teacher) session.get(Teacher.class, id);
		session.delete(t1);
		session.getTransaction().commit();
		session.close();
	}

如果想既想删除被控方，双想删除关联，请看下面代码：

	/**
	 * 多对多 被控方删除(可以删除中间表记录)
	 */
	public void testDeleteByInverse2() {
		String id = "402881ee175f04be01175f04c06c0002";
		Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
		session.beginTransaction();

		Teacher t1 = (Teacher) session.get(Teacher.class, id);

		Set cs = t1.getCourses();
		for (Course c : cs) {
			c.getTeachers().remove(t1);
		}

		session.delete(t1);
		session.getTransaction().commit();
		session.close();
	}

  /**
* 多对多 通过主控方删除中间表(其余记录都不变)
*/
public void testDeleteByInverse3() {
String id = "402881ee1782dad9011782dadb310001";
Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
session.beginTransaction();

Course c1 = (Course) session.get(Course.class, id);
c1.setTeachers(null);

session.getTransaction().commit();
session.close();
}


/**
* 多对多 通过被控方删除中间表(其余记录都不变)
*/
public void testDeleteByInverse4() {
String id = "402881ee1782dbd4011782dbd64a0002";
Session session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
session.beginTransaction();

Teacher t1 = (Teacher) session.get(Teacher.class, id);
Set<Course> cs = t1.getCourses();
for (Course c : cs) {
c.getTeachers().remove(t1);
}

session.getTransaction().commit();
session.close();
} 

--1. tbl_course.sql
    create table "SCOTT"."TBL_COURSE"(
        "ID" VARCHAR2(80) not null,
       "NAME" VARCHAR2(20) not null,
        constraint "SYS_C005315" primary key ("ID")
    );
create unique index "SCOTT"."SYS_C005315" on "SCOTT"."TBL_COURSE"("ID");
--2. tbl_teacher.sql

    create table "SCOTT"."TBL_TEACHER"(
        "ID" VARCHAR2(80) not null,
       "NAME" VARCHAR2(20) not null,
        constraint "SYS_C005313" primary key ("ID")
    );
create unique index "SCOTT"."SYS_C005313" on "SCOTT"."TBL_TEACHER"("ID");
--3.tbl_teacher_course.sql
  create table "SCOTT"."TBL_TEACHER_COURSE"(
        "FK_TEACHER_ID" VARCHAR2(80),
       "FK_COURSE_ID" VARCHAR2(90)
    );

• 北京: 千橡集团暨校内网诚聘软件研发工程师
• 搜狐网站诚聘Java、PHP和C++工程师